(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
pg_query — 执行查询
pg_query() 在特定数据库 connection 上执行
query。pg_query_params() 在大多数情况下应该是首选。
如果发生错误并返回 false，那么在连接有效时可以使用 pg_last_error() 函数检索错误的详细信息。
注意: 尽管可以省略
connection，但不建议这样做，因为可能会导致脚本中的错误难以发现。
注意:
本函数以前的名字为 pg_exec()。pg_exec() 因为兼容性原因仍可使用，但鼓励用户使用新名称。
connectionAn PgSql\Connection instance.
When connection is unspecified, the default connection is used.
The default connection is the last connection made by pg_connect()
or pg_pconnect().
As of PHP 8.1.0, using the default connection is deprecated.
query要执行的 SQL 语句。当多个语句传递给函数时，将作为一个事务自动执行，除非查询字符串中包含明确的 BEGIN/COMMIT 命令。但是，不建议在一个函数调用中使用多个事务。
用户提供的数据作为字符串插入值非常危险，很可能导致 SQL 注入漏洞。在大多数情况下，应该首选 pg_query_params()，将用户提供的值作为参数传递，而不是将它们替换为查询字符串。
任何用户提供的数据，都应该正确转义，然后直接替换为查询字符串。
成功时为 PgSql\Result 实例， 或者在失败时返回 false。
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 8.1.0 | 现在返回 PgSql\Result 实例，之前返回 resource |
| 8.1.0 |
现在 connection 参数接受 PgSql\Connection
实例，之前接受 resource。
|
示例 #1 pg_query() 示例
<?php
$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=publisher");
if (!$conn) {
echo "An error occurred.\n";
exit;
}
$result = pg_query($conn, "SELECT author, email FROM authors");
if (!$result) {
echo "An error occurred.\n";
exit;
}
while ($row = pg_fetch_row($result)) {
echo "Author: $row[0] E-mail: $row[1]";
echo "<br />\n";
}
?>
示例 #2 使用多条语句的 pg_query()
<?php
$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=publisher");
// 这些语句将作为一个事务执行
$query = "UPDATE authors SET author=UPPER(author) WHERE id=1;";
$query .= "UPDATE authors SET author=LOWER(author) WHERE id=2;";
$query .= "UPDATE authors SET author=NULL WHERE id=3;";
pg_query($conn, $query);
?>
expanding on the note left by "cmoore" -
To check to see if the recordset returned no records,
<?php
$result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
if (!$result) {
echo "query did not execute";
}
$rs = pg_fetch_assoc($result);
if (!$rs) {
echo "0 records"
}
?>
-jackA quick note for novice users: when gathering input from fields on a web form that maintains a database connection, *never* use pg_query to do queries from the field. Always sanitize input using pg_prepare and pg_execute.One thing to note that wasn't obvious to me at first. If your query returns zero rows, that is not a "failed" query. So the following is wrong:
$result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
if (!$result) {
echo "No a=b in x\n";
}
pg_query returns FALSE if the query can not be executed for some reason. If the query is executed but returns zero rows then you get back a resul with no rows.It would be better this way:
<?php
$result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT COUNT(*) AS rows FROM x WHERE a=b;");
if (!$result) {
echo "query did not execute";
}
if ($line = pg_fetch_assoc($result)) {
if ($line['rows'] == 0) {
echo "0 records"
}
}
else {
while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result)) {
//do stuff with $row
}
}
?>
This solution doesn't raise the load of the system with the move of matching rows (perhaps 0,1, perhaps 100, 1000, ... rows)There was a typo in the code that I posted:
<?php
$result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
if (!$result) {
echo "query did not execute";
}
if (pg_num_rows($result) == 0) {
echo "0 records"
}
else {
while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result)) {
//do stuff with $row
}
}
?>$GLOBALS["PG_CONNECT"]=pg_connect(...);
....
function query ($sqlQuery,$var=0) {
if (!$GLOBALS["PG_CONNECT"]) return 0;
$lev=error_reporting (8); //NO WARRING!!
$result=pg_query ($sqlQuery);
error_reporting ($lev); //DEFAULT!!
if (strlen ($r=pg_last_error ($GLOBALS["PG_CONNECT"]))) {
if ($var) {
echo "<p color=\"red\">ERROR:<pre>";
echo $sqlQuery;
echo "</pre>";
echo $r;
echo "</p>";
}
close_db ();
return 0;
}
return $result;
}Improving upon what jsuzuki said:
It's probably better to use pg_num_rows() to see if no rows were returned, as that leaves the resultset cursor pointed to the first row so you can use it in a loop.
Example:
<?php
$result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
if (!$result) {
echo "query did not execute";
}
if (pg_num_rows($result) == 0) {
echo "0 records"
}
else {
while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result) {
//do stuff with $row
}
}
?>
I, personally, also find it more readable.Here is my small function to make it easier for me to use data from select queries (attention, it is sensitive to sql injection)
<?php
function requestToDB($connection,$request){
if(!$result=pg_query($connection,$request)){
return False;
}
$combined=array();
while ($row = pg_fetch_assoc($result)) {
$combined[]=$row;
}
return $combined;
}
?>
Example:
<?php
$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=mydatabase");
$results=requestToDB($connect,"select * from mytable");
//You can now access a "cell" of your table like this:
$rownumber=0;
$columname="mycolumn";
$mycell=$results[$rownumber][$columname];
var_dump($mycell);Use pg_query to call your stored procedures, and use pg_fetch_result when getting a value (like a smallint as in this example) returned by your stored procedure.
<?php
$pgConnection = pg_connect("dbname=users user=me");
$userNameToCheckFor = "metal";
$result = pg_query($pgConnection, "SELECT howManyUsersHaveThisName('$userNameToCheckFor')");
$count = pg_fetch_result($result, 0, 'howManyUsersHaveThisName');
?>Took me a while to track this down so I thought it might be useful for others:
If you use stored procedures and need to get result sets back from them:
function dbquery($link,$query){
pg_query($link,"BEGIN;");
$tr=pg_query($link,$query);
$r=pg_fetch_row($tr);
$name=$r[0];
$rs=pg_query($link,"FETCH ALL IN \"" . $name . "\";");
pg_query($link,"END;");
return $rs;
}
(Error checking removed for clarity)